Summary
Often, when players think of action-adventure games, they think of linear, narrative-driven games.Sony’s first-party games likeThe Last of UsandGod of Warimmediately come to mind. Yet, there are a lot of action-adventure games that give players a greater level of agency over how they progress, whether that’s by giving players an open world to explore and missions to progress in any order, or by creating a Metroidvania-style world that players can uncover at their own pace.
Few action-adventure games are fully non-linear. Players are generally always working towards the same story beats, but if the journey of getting there can be approached in a number of ways, then the feeling of non-linearity can still shine through as a reason to replay the game. These action-adventure games all have non-linear progression in various ways, and use it to give the player a sense of freedom in their progression.
Middle Earth: Shadow of Waropened up the seriesto a much more player-led sense of progression via the development of the nemesis system. As the player is tasked with building their own orc army while infiltrating and exposing the enemy, progress is often defined by the player harrying orc leaders across the map until they can recruit them, or until they are defeated themselves.
This system is what allowed players to tell their own stories in the game, whilst chipping away at the game’s scattered open-world missions. The overarching system gives players something to aim towards at all times, and the procedural generation of enemies, promotions, abilities, and personalities throws up some genuinely interesting combinations.
The stealth sandbox maps ofMetal Gear Solid 5: The Phantom Painallow for a great deal of freedom in how the player approaches both gameplay and progression. Missions can be approached in any order for the most part, and the player is free to explore the maps to recruit soldiers, gather resources, or just experiment with the many gadgets and weapons available to Punished Snake.
There are many factors that can make a playthrough feel especially unique. As well as being able to approach missions and the story as the player sees fit, the game world is also reactive. If a player likes to headshot enemies from afar with a sniper rifle, after a while, enemies will start bringing armored helmets to protect from that. The AI will try and adapt to the player’s playstyle, bringing in more challenges as the campaign progresses. Some players preferred the more focused stories of previous games, but the freedom ofMGS5’s sandbox offered a different kind of satisfaction.
Assassin’s Creed: Brotherhoodopened up avenues of player-driven progression that were a step up from the first games' scattered side-quests. Players are free to explore both in the Animus as Ezio, and out of the Animus as Desmond. While story missions are mostly approached in the same order, the Brotherhood system and a host of side mission chains have meaningful effects on player progression, affecting the players' in-mission abilities and gadgets.
The Brotherhood system revolves around recruiting assassins to Ezio’s cause. This is achieved by assaulting the optional “Borgia Towers”, freeing the captives, and recruiting them. Players can customize their assassins, and use them both for resource gathering and as combat aids in missions. There are a lot of other side missions and secrets, like the Leonardo Da’Vinci missions, the Cult of Romulus, and Cristina Vespucci’s memories, that can be approached in any order and offer significant benefits and story insights.
Prior toBreath of the Wild’s release, many long-timeLegend of Zeldafans wondered whether the open-world formula would really suit the action-adventure franchise.The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wilddefied even the most positive expectations, though, and the formula is likely one that will stay with the series going forward.
Theexploration inBreath of the Wildis excellent, and the non-linearity isn’t just a surface-level choice of which direction to go in. The game’s physics system and innovative puzzles allow for a player-driven approach to puzzle solving where there is often more than one viable solution. Like any goodZeldagame, the abilities Link acquires throughout the game help expand the exploration even further and offer new ways to interact with the world thanks to the aforementioned systems.
Dishonoredapproaches non-linearity in an interesting way. The wide-linear levels offer players multiple ways to approach the same objectives, but the actions that players take to get through those levels will also affect the wider narrative and how it unfolds. This offers multiple ways to approach the story and see different events, even if it ultimately pigeon-holes players into a rigid set of options in a given playthrough.
The interesting thing about the wayDishonoredseparates its lethal and non-lethal approaches is the way that different events often unfold in missions as players pursue either option. Rather than simply choosing between killing a foe and knocking them out, eliminating enemies non-lethally often involves finding an alternate solution altogether. This and themalleable plotlineare what provide the feeling of non-linearity, as opposed to simple playstyle differences.
As a game inspired by the greatest Metroidvanias and platformers,Hollow Knightfulfills the promise of free-form exploration in a way that is constantly surprising and rewarding. Practically from the start of the game, the player is free to explore the entire map ofHollow Knightin any way they choose, though they might need to collect a few of the Metroidvania-style traversal abilities to help them get to the harder-to-reach areas.
The adventure also sheds a lot of the more granular RPG mechanics of some of its peers, opting for a relatively simple system of upgrades and equippable charms that still manages to pack in a lot of variety in playstyles. Every part of Hallownest has something interesting to discover, whether it’s a new ability, a hidden NPC, or a secret boss. It’s something thatmakes the non-linear progression feel connectedand satisfying no matter how the player approaches it.
Sucker Punch surprised players and critics alike with the organic nature ofGhost of Tsushima’s open world and approach to guiding the player with subtle cues. This lets the player approach the many smaller activities dotted around the world at a pace they decide, guided by a gust of wind or a friendly fox, rather than a glowing map marker.
While the story missions unfold in a linear manner, as Jin’s family tensions play out, many of the deeperstories inGhost of Tsushimaare the tales of Jin’s allies and friends that he meets along the way. These can be played out in any order, letting the player learn more about the characters they enjoy the most.
In typical open-world fashion, the linear set of story missions is just one thread that players can follow through the game, and no two players will have exactly the same experience. The way they approach the rest of what’s in the game will have a deeper impact on how they see both the world and the characters within.
WhilepreviousGrand Theft Autogamesallowed some freedom in how players approach the open-world structure,Grand Theft Auto 5’s cast of three protagonists allowed Rockstar to go even further with player agency. While there are some sections where the player is locked to a single character, more often they have the opportunity to switch freely. This contributes to a sense of freedom in how players approach the world and its missions.
The missions themselves can often be approached in any order. Usually, players will have a selection of missions to choose from at once, even where missions that contribute to the main story are concerned. That’s as well as the numerous side activities and mini-missions that players will find as they explore. Like many open-world games, players are all journeying to the same point inGTA 5, but the path of getting there will look different for everyone.
